Aquarium Easy

Contents

• Selection of fish
• Chlorine
• Tolerance to salinity
• Solution to bacterial problem
• Photosynthesis
• Seaweed aid

Selection of fish

A lot of people think that to make an aquarium is very difficult and they do not even start it with local fish. This is why they buy from shops ready aquariums mainly with tropical fish and all the array of instructions that include costs in keeping the aquarium clean with aerators, fans, and chemicals so as to supress bacteria which cause blur water.

This note shows a simple aquarium with local fish, and the fact that these local fish are herbivorous gives to them an advantage in their survival. By adding fish as a feed the fish can survive and build their proteins growing in size.

Picture 1 and 2. Herbivorous fish in a swimming pool are swimming around the rocks transferred from the sea.

The herbivorous fish can survive for several months by grazing algal rocks, but they can even survive by filtering nutrients, from the water added. These nutrients are not observable by they naked eye but they consist for exapmle food for the bones of the fish.  Calcium, or phosphates and carbon is always present in the water supply and even though their concentrations is normally low thay can keep the fish as much as the aquarist doesn’t get dissapointed.

Chlorine

Most of the water supply in the western societies has addition of chlorine in it which is a killing agent to bacteria and therefore it is a protecting medium to drinking water. Some water supplies have chloramines that need a conditioner so as to achieve the neutralisation of it. In this aquarium the tap water has only chlorine and is very easy to remove it by letting the chlorine gas to evaporate from a water tank and this can last up to twenty four hours. Chlorine affects the gills of the fish and is a killing agent to fish also, but is an initial problem that the aquarist can face very easy as described previously. One molecule of chlorine though can destroy millions of ozone molecules in the atmosphere and for that reason chlorine is not suggested for irrigation purposes in a city that has chlorine in this water supply.

Picture 3. The water tank is a swimming pool and doesn’t have to be necessary a glass tank which has more cost.

Tolerance to salinity

Fish are tolerable to wide ranges of salinity and this is logical because they swim in great extent they can reach water bodies close to rivers and streams, where the salinity decreases. The juveniles can grow up close to the land even in sea ports where they have more often supply of fresh water and so on. Further on the chemical concentration of fresh water compared to sea water it has not as such difference in salinity and this also explains fish tolerance. Therefore the conclusion for the aquarist is that there shouldn’t be a fear to add salt water fish in tap water because many species can survive. Of course this is not true for all the fish species but in this aquarium the chosen species after some selections managed to live in tap water. About the adjustment of the salinity towards more salty environment the fact is that the rocks carried from the sea have increased salinity and a simple wave action in a aquarium can provide these salts in dilution to the water.

Picture 4. Herbivorous fish, feed on the algae from the rocks and the pool bed.

Solution to bacterial problem

The most common problem of an aquarium is the excessive number of heterotrophic bacteria that arises when a dead fish stays in the water tank or when overfeeding of the aquarium occurs. In the market there are chemicals that can suppress the bacteria but they are other simple ways to cope with this problem. Bacteria exist everywhere even in the tap water, because they find food from the nutrients that the water supply carries with it. So a first step for an aquarium is to clean up the water column from the presence of high numbers of bacteria. By dealing with it an application of electricity with a 12 V battery can shock the bacteria, and more importantly the electrons from the anode electrode causes the water molecules to break and lose the ionic bonds with the nutrients. The nutrients free of water molecules binding, precipitate in the water tank bed. In this occasion a dead fish will concentrate around it bacteria in the water tank bed but these bacteria will not spread to the rest of the water and the aquarium is keeping its crystal clear view. This is important because oxygen can still penetrate in the water the fish can breath and the photosynthetic organisms do not lose contact with sunlight.

Picture 5.  A silvery in colour rock, with patches of brown algae, and the thalli formation of the pale green algae.

The application of electricity creates a chain of reactions that includes the formation of copper by an iron cable. Is the nuclear transmutation of one chemical element to another that Rutherford described. The application of electricity can last for a short time and be absolute safe, whereas as far as the foundation of a neutron for the nuclear transmutation deuterium water can provide it.

Sulphur is produced at sea as a biogenic formation whereas the iron cable can be transformed even to germanium which is a black metal. If that is the case germanium is concentrated under the rocks and it doesn’t harm the fish. In case sulphur is produced they are bacteria capable to metabolise sulphur and they are more preferable than the heterotrophic bacteria which cause blur water. Sulphur bacteria compete the heterotrophic for organic compounds and this also a fact against the undesirable heterotrophic that can destroy the aquarium.

Picture 6. A mixture of substances including possibly Germanium and decomposing matter.

Deuterium water boils at 101.4 degrees Celsius and this means that by boiling water at 100 degrees Celsius the deuterium water stays in the kettle and its abundance increases. By adding the more concentrated deuterium water in the aquarium tank this provides a source of a neutron so as to aid the chemical transmutation with helium as an initial product. Even a slow moving neutron can start the transmutation whereas the speed to the neutron is provided by the flux of electrons from the dielectric medium.

Picture 7. A sea rock which is a medium for algal growth. It is a calcareous rock with a mussel bivalve shown on it and other colours that means variety of minerals.

The application of electricity to the water tank is a method to cure the aquarium in the occasion of excessive feeding and bring a desirable balance to the bacteria. Even when the heterotrophic bacteria start to grow in great numbers and the colour of the water becomes dark the fish has still chances to survive from this overfeeding mistake. So by removing the fish and clearing the water with electricity the chances are increasing for bringing back the fish in normal clear water. As an advice the application of the electricity should be the second step after the removal of chlorine. The addition of the rock can be at that time whereas the last addition should be the fish, and the feeding of them can be the algae but further feeding shouls be done with fish with a care to apply electricity and clear the water column from bacteria that develop from the uneaten fish.

Picture 8. Algal rock with a clear array of brown algae thalli.

Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis is the next important part of an aquarium job, after the removal of chlorine and the clearing of water. Photosynthesis is the way that saves resources and is good for the economy of the aquarium, because it provides oxygen to the fish and replenish its diet with photosynthetic proteins. It can save the cost of aerators and in this aquarium such source has never been used. A source of light obviously increases the chances of keeping for long the algae that the sea rocks carry with them.  An advice for photosynthesis is to use renewable energy such a photovoltaic system because the needs of the aquarium increase, and the autonomy of a solar system provide the advantage of managing costs in a better way and also the battery of the system is a ready tool for the method of providing crystal clear water in the solution to the bacterial problem situation. The cables for it can be copper but also an iron wire cut into electrodes can do the job as well.

Picture 9. A collection of seaweeds

Seaweed aid

In healthy ecosystems there is a variety of seeweeds and they are easy to pick up because the power of the wave brings them at shore. By collecting them form the point the wave breaks in the shore and trying them, a discovery of a market occurs. The result of this product is grains of algae that contain fucoxanthin (the brown algae) which is a carotenoid pigement. By testing this substance at fish is evident that enhances their swimming ability because it is a source of energy.

It is an aid for an aquarist so as to learn to feed little the fish in the aqurium especially if the fish are small and in general is a way to avoid bad feeding such as farming products  which increase heterotrpophic bacteria fast.  It has a pleasant smell and some people suggest it for a measure against petroleum incidents in the water because the small grains can work together with the wave power and disperse faster oil in the sea.